Chapter 9: Heredity and Evolution- Exercise- 5

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Chapter 9: Heredity and Evolution

Class: X

Exercise number 5

 

Question 1

Give an example of characteristics being used to determine how close two species are in evolutionary terms.

 

Answer 1

The forelimb in frog, bird, lizard, horse has similar bone structure which are modified to suit their function, they perform. Also, the presence of feathers in dinosaurs and birds indicates that they are in evolutionarily terms. Above examples indicates that these species were evolved from common ancestors.

 

Question 2

Can the wing of a butterfly and the wing of a bat be considered homologous organs? Why

or why not?

 

Answer 2

Wings of a bat are made up of bony skeleton, whereas wings of a butterfly are made up of membrane. Therefore, we can’t consider them as homologous organs.

 

Question 3

What are fossils? What do they tell us about the process of evolution?

 

Answer 3

The preserved remains of an organism, such as plants and animals, that were once living on earth are called Fossils. Fossils provide evidences of evolution by showing the characteristics of the past organism and the changes that have taken place in these organisms to give rise to the present organisms.